#!/usr/bin/env python3 """ 07-list-playground.py — Day 006 补充 列表趣味应用：排序可视化、井字棋、数据流分析 可直接运行：python3 07-list-playground.py """ import random import time from typing import List, Optional # ============================================================ # 应用 1：排序可视化（ASCII 柱状图） # ============================================================ def visualize_sort(): """用 ASCII 柱状图可视化排序过程""" print("=" * 60) print(" 应用 1: 排序过程可视化") print("=" * 60) def display(arr, label=""): """以柱状图显示列表""" max_val = max(arr) if arr else 1 print(f" {label}") for i, val in enumerate(arr): bar_len = int(val / max_val * 20) bar = "█" * bar_len print(f" [{i:2d}] {val:3d} {bar}") print() def bubble_sort_visual(arr): """冒泡排序 — 每一步可视化""" arr = arr.copy() n = len(arr) display(arr, "初始状态:") steps = 0 for i in range(n): swapped = False for j in range(n - 1 - i): if arr[j] > arr[j + 1]: arr[j], arr[j + 1] = arr[j + 1], arr[j] swapped = True steps += 1 if not swapped: break if steps % 2 == 0: # 每两步显示一次，避免太多输出 display(arr, f"第 {i+1} 轮后:") display(arr, f"排序完成（{steps} 次交换）:") return arr data = [random.randint(1, 50) for _ in range(8)] print(f"\n 原始数据: {data}") bubble_sort_visual(data) # ============================================================ # 应用 2：井字棋（Tic-Tac-Toe） # ============================================================ def tic_tac_toe(): """用列表实现简单的井字棋游戏""" print("\n" + "=" * 60) print(" 应用 2: 命令行井字棋") print("=" * 60) class TicTacToe: """井字棋游戏""" WINNING_LINES = [ [0, 1, 2], [3, 4, 5], [6, 7, 8], # 行 [0, 3, 6], [1, 4, 7], [2, 5, 8], # 列 [0, 4, 8], [2, 4, 6], # 对角线 ] def __init__(self): self.board = [" "] * 9 # 3×3 棋盘，用一维列表表示 def display(self): """显示棋盘""" b = self.board print(f"\n {b[0]} │ {b[1]} │ {b[2]}") print(" ───┼───┼───") print(f" {b[3]} │ {b[4]} │ {b[5]}") print(" ───┼───┼───") print(f" {b[6]} │ {b[7]} │ {b[8]}") def move(self, pos: int, player: str) -> bool: """下棋""" if pos < 0 or pos > 8 or self.board[pos] != " ": return False self.board[pos] = player return True def check_winner(self) -> Optional[str]: """检查是否有赢家""" for line in self.WINNING_LINES: if self.board[line[0]] == self.board[line[1]] == self.board[line[2]] != " ": return self.board[line[0]] return None def is_full(self) -> bool: return " " not in self.board def get_available_moves(self) -> List[int]: """获取可用位置""" return [i for i, v in enumerate(self.board) if v == " "] def evaluate(self) -> int: """评估当前局面（AI 用）""" winner = self.check_winner() if winner == "O": return 10 elif winner == "X": return -10 return 0 def minimax(self, depth: int, is_maximizing: bool) -> int: """极小极大算法 — AI 决策""" score = self.evaluate() if score != 0: return score - depth if is_maximizing else score + depth if self.is_full(): return 0 if is_maximizing: best = -1000 for move in self.get_available_moves(): self.board[move] = "O" best = max(best, self.minimax(depth + 1, False)) self.board[move] = " " return best else: best = 1000 for move in self.get_available_moves(): self.board[move] = "X" best = min(best, self.minimax(depth + 1, True)) self.board[move] = " " return best def ai_move(self) -> int: """AI 决策（O 方）""" best_val = -1000 best_move = -1 for move in self.get_available_moves(): self.board[move] = "O" val = self.minimax(0, False) self.board[move] = " " if val > best_val: best_val = val best_move = move return best_move # 模拟一场 AI vs AI 对局 print(f"\n AI vs AI 演示:") game = TicTacToe() game.display() player = "X" # X 先手 for _ in range(9): if player == "O": pos = game.ai_move() else: # AI(X) 使用简单策略：随机走 moves = game.get_available_moves() if not moves: break pos = random.choice(moves) game.move(pos, player) game.display() print(f" {'AI(O)' if player == 'O' else 'AI(X)'} 走 {pos}") winner = game.check_winner() if winner: print(f"\n 🏆 {'AI(O)' if winner == 'O' else 'AI(X)'} 赢了！") return if game.is_full(): print(f"\n 🤝 平局！") return player = "O" if player == "X" else "X" # ============================================================ # 应用 3：数据流滑动统计 # ============================================================ def sliding_statistics(): """滑动窗口统计：实时数据流分析""" print("\n" + "=" * 60) print(" 应用 3: 数据流滑动统计") print("=" * 60) class SlidingStats: """滑动窗口统计器""" def __init__(self, window_size: int = 5): self._window = [] # 当前窗口数据 self._size = window_size self._history = [] # 所有历史数据 def add(self, value: float) -> dict: """添加数据点，返回当前窗口统计""" self._window.append(value) self._history.append(value) if len(self._window) > self._size: self._window.pop(0) if not self._window: return {} n = len(self._window) sorted_w = sorted(self._window) avg = sum(self._window) / n variance = sum((x - avg) ** 2 for x in self._window) / n return { "value": value, "window_size": n, "mean": round(avg, 2), "min": min(self._window), "max": max(self._window), "median": sorted_w[n // 2] if n % 2 == 1 else (sorted_w[n // 2 - 1] + sorted_w[n // 2]) / 2, "std": round(variance ** 0.5, 2), "trend": "上升" if len(self._window) >= 2 and self._window[-1] > self._window[-2] else "下降" if len(self._window) >= 2 and self._window[-1] < self._window[-2] else "平稳", } # 模拟传感器数据流 stats = SlidingStats(window_size=5) base_temp = 25.0 print(f"\n 模拟温度传感器（窗口=5）:") print(f" {'序号':<5} {'值':<8} {'均值':<8} {'中位数':<8} {'标准差':<8} {'趋势'}") print(f" {'-' * 50}") for i in range(15): # 模拟带噪声的温度数据 noise = random.uniform(-2, 2) if 5 <= i <= 8: noise += 3 # 模拟异常升温 value = round(base_temp + noise, 1) result = stats.add(value) if result: print(f" {i:<5} {result['value']:<8} {result['mean']:<8} " f"{result['median']:<8} {result['std']:<8} {result['trend']}") print(f"\n 💡 滑动窗口统计可在 O(1)~O(k) 时间内实时分析数据流") # ============================================================ # 主程序 # ============================================================ def main(): visualize_sort() tic_tac_toe() sliding_statistics() print("\n" + "=" * 60) print(" ✅ 列表趣味应用演示完成！") print("=" * 60) if __name__ == "__main__": main()